Online Flora of the Maltese Islands by Stephen Mifsud
 
     
   18 Sep 2026      ()
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Index of Plant Families (1 families in this page)

The Grasses
POACEAE
Grass
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POACEAE
Barnhart

Grass Family
Conservative synonym: Gramineae

Subfamalies: Anomochlooideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, Bambusoideae, Chloridoideae, Danthonioideae, Micrairoideae, Oryzoideae, Panicoideae, Pharoideae, Pooideae, Puelioideae
Family Description: Poaceae, also known as the grass family (or Gramineae), is one of the largest and most ecologically and economically significant families of flowering plants. It is a family of monocots within the order Poales and comprises roughly 780 genera and about 12,000 species distributed across all continents except Antarctica. Grasses typically exhibit an herbaceous habit, although there are woody members such as bamboos. Their stems, known as culms, are usually hollow between the nodes, where the leaves are attached. The leaves are generally narrow, linear, and arranged in two ranks (distichous). A specialized basal structure, the sheath, wraps around the culm, while the blade extends outward; many species also bear a small membranous projection called the ligule where the sheath meets the blade. The reproductive structures of Poaceae are notably reduced and highly specialized. The flowers are arranged in compact units known as spikelets, typically containing several minute florets flanked by bracts (glumes). These modified floral parts protect the reproductive organs and are well adapted for wind pollination. The fruit is a caryopsis—a dry, one-seeded fruit in which the seed coat is fused to the pericarp—forming the basis of many global cereal crops. Grasses are essential not only in natural ecosystems, where they form the dominant vegetation in prairies, savannas, and steppes, but also in agriculture. Staple crops such as rice, wheat, maize, barley, and millets belong to the Poaceae, providing a major source of dietary energy worldwide
1
Botanical Name Common Name Maltese Name Flowering Period Thumbnail Picture Profile Type
Aegilops biuncialis
Vis.

Main Synonym :
Aegilops lorentii Hochst.
Mediterranean aegilops Maltese name not known May-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Aegilops neglecta
Req. ex Bertol.

Main Synonym :
Aegilops geniculata Roth - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Three-Awned aegilops Brimba Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Aeluropus lagopoides
(L.) Thwaites

Main Synonym :
Dactylis lagopoides L.
Cat's foot grass Sieq il-qattus Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Agrostis stolonifera
L.

Main Synonym :
Agrostis alba subsp. stolonifera (L.) V.Jirásek
Creeping bent,
Carpet bentgrass,
Fiorin 		Maltese name not known Apr-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Aira caryophyllea
L.

Main Synonym :
Aira multiculmis Dumort.
Silver hairgrass Ħaxixa rqiqa ħamranija Apr-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Aira cupaniana
Guss.

Main Synonym :
Avena cupaniana (Guss.) Nyman
Southern hairgrass,
Small hairgrass 		Ħaxixa rqiqa ta\' Kupani Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Aira elegans
Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.

Main Synonym :
Aira elegantissima Schur
Mediterranean hairgrass,
Elegant hairgrass,
Annual silver hairgrass 		Ħaxixa Irqiqa fiddinija Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Alopecurus cucullatus
(L.) Raspail

Main Synonym :
Cornucopiae cucullatum L.
Hooded grass Ħaxix tal-kornukopja Mar-Apr Normal Profile
with

images.
Alopecurus myosuroides
Huds.

Main Synonym :
Alopecurus agrestis L.
Slender foxtail Denb il-Ġurdien it-twil Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Alopecurus pratensis
L.

Main Synonym :
Alopecurus sericeus Gaertn.
Meadow foxtail Denb il-Ġurdien Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Ampelodesmos mauritanicus
(Poir.) T. Durand & Schinz

Main Synonym :
Arundo mauritanica Poir.
Mauritanian grass,
Diss 		Dis Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Andropogon distachyos
L.

Main Synonym :
Pollinia distachya (L.) Spreng.
Bluestem grass Barrum aħmar Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Anthoxanthum gracile
Bivon.

Main Synonym :
No synonyms for this species
Slender vernal grass Maltese name not known Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Anthoxanthum odoratum
L.

Main Synonym :
Anthoxanthum nebrodense Lojac.
Sweet vernal grass,
Vanilla grass 		Maltese name not known Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Anthoxanthum ovatum
Lagasca

Main Synonym :
Anthoxanthum odoratum subsp. ovatum (Lag.) Trab.
Oval-spike vernal grass Maltese name not known Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Apera interrupta
(L.) P.Beauv.

Main Synonym :
Agrostis interrupta (L.) Bubani
Dense silkybent,
Interrupted bentgrass,
Interrupted windgrass 		Apera Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Arundo donax
L.

Main Synonym :
Arundo scriptoria L.
Great reed,
Giant reed 		Qasba,
Qasba kbira,
Ħażrun 		Sep-Dec Normal Profile
with

images.
Arundo plinii
Turra

Main Synonym :
Arundo collina Ten.
False reed Għaljun Sep-Dec Normal Profile
with

images.
Avellinia festucoides
(Link) Valdés & H. Scholz

Main Synonym :
Avellinia michelii (Savi) Parl.
Michel's grass Maltese name not known Feb-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Avena barbata
Pott ex Link

Main Synonym :
Avena hirsuta Roth.
Barbed oat,
Slender wild oat 		Ħafur żgħir Feb-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Avena fatua
L.

Main Synonym :
Avena sativa subsp. fatua (L.) Thell.
Common wild oat Ħafur tal-Ewropa Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Avena hirtula
Lag.

Main Synonym :
Avena barbata subsp. hirtula (Lag.) Tzvelev
Rough wild oat Ħafur aħrax Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Avena sativa
L.

Main Synonym :
Avena orientalis Schreb.
Oat,
Cultivated oats 		Ħafur tal-egħlieqi Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Avena sterilis subsp. atherantha
(C.Presl) H.Scholz

Main Synonym :
Avena atherantha C.Presl
Sterile wild oat Maltese name not known Feb-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Avena sterilis subsp. ludoviciana
(Durieu) M.Gillet & Magne

Main Synonym :
Avena ludoviciana Durieu
Ludovic's sterile oat,
Ludovic's animated oat 		Ħafur kbir ta\' Ludovik Feb-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Avena sterilis subsp. sterilis
L.

Main Synonym :
Avena macrocarpa Moench
Sterile oat,
Animated oat,
Wild red oat 		Ħafur kbir Feb-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Bambusa vulgaris
Schrad. ex J.C.Wendl.

Main Synonym :
Arundarbor fera (Oken) Kuntze
Common bamboo,
Buddha's common bamboo,
Wamin bamboo 		Bambu,
Qasab tal-bambù 		No Flower Normal Profile
with

images.
Brachypodium distachyon
(L.) P.Beauv.

Main Synonym :
Trachynia distachya (L.) Link
Trachynia grass Għomma żgħira Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Brachypodium hybridum
Catalán, Joch.Müll., Hasterok & G.Jenkins

Main Synonym :
No synonyms for this species
Hybridous mediterranean false Brome Pinna bagħal,
Għomma bagħal 		Jan-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Brachypodium retusum
(Pers.) P.Beauv.

Main Synonym :
Bromus retusus Pers.
Mediterranean false brome Pinna,
Għomma 		Jan-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Brachypodium sylvaticum
(Huds.) P.Beauv.

Main Synonym :
Festuca sylvatica Huds.
False brome,
Slender false brome 		Bunixxief tad-dell Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Briza maxima
L.

Main Synonym :
Macrobriza maxima (L.) Tzvelev
Quaking grass Beżżulett il-Qattusa,
Fanali 		Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Briza minor
L.

Main Synonym :
Briza virens L.
Pearl grass Beżżulett il-Qattusa żgħira Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Bromus alopecuros
Poir.

Main Synonym :
Bromus scoparius Guss.
Weedy brome Ħurtan dejjaq Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Bromus catharticus
Vahl

Main Synonym :
Bromus unioloides Kunth - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Rescue grass,
Prairie grass 		Ħurtan Amerikan,
Ħurtan Perenni 		Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Bromus commutatus subsp. neglectus
(Parl.) P.M.Sm.

Main Synonym :
Bromus neglectus (Parl.) Nyman
Mediterranean meadow brome Ħurtan tal-Mediterran Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Bromus diandrus
Roth

Main Synonym :
Anisantha diandra (Roth) Tutin ex Tzvelev
Great brome,
Ripgut brome 		Bunexxief kbir Jan-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Bromus fasciculatus
C.Presl

Main Synonym :
Anisantha fasciculata (C.Presl) Nevski
Mediterranean brome Bunexxief żgħir Feb-Apr Normal Profile
with

images.
Bromus hordeaceus subsp. divaricatus
(Bonnier & de Layens) Kerguélen

Main Synonym :
Bromus molliformis J.Lloyd ex Billot - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Southern brome Ħurtan żgħir Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus
L.

Main Synonym :
Bromus mollis L.
Soft brome Ħurtan Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Bromus hordeaceus subsp. thominei
(Hardouin) Braun-Blanq.

Main Synonym :
Bromus nanus Weigel
Thomine's soft brome Ħurtan ta\' Thomine Feb-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Bromus intermedius
Guss.

Main Synonym :
Serrafalcus intermedius (Guss.) Parl.
Intermediate brome Maltese name not known Feb-Apr Normal Profile
with

images.
Bromus lanceolatus
Roth

Main Synonym :
Bromus divaricatus Rhode ex Loisel.
Woolly brome Ħurtan sufi Feb-Apr Normal Profile
with

images.
Bromus madritensis
L.

Main Synonym :
Anisantha madritensis (L.) Nevski
Compact brome Bunexxief vjola Jan-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Bromus rigidus
Roth

Main Synonym :
Anisantha rigida (Roth) Hyl.
Ripgut brome Bunexxief tar-ramel Feb-Apr Normal Profile
with

images.
Bromus scoparius
L.

Main Synonym :
Bromus rigens L.
Broom brome Maltese name not known Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Bromus sterilis
L.

Main Synonym :
Anisantha sterilis (L.) Nevski
Barren brome,
Sterile brome 		Maltese name not known Feb-Apr Normal Profile
with

images.
Bromus tectorum
L.

Main Synonym :
Schedonorus tectorum (L.) Fr.
Drooping brome Bunexxief imdendel Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Calamagrostis arenaria subsp. australis
(Mabille) Asch. & Graebn.

Main Synonym :
Ammophila littoralis (P. Beauv.) Rothm. - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Marram grass Qasba tar-ramel,
Ammofila 		Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Catabrosa aquatica
(L.) P.Beauv.

Main Synonym :
Aira aquatica L.
Whorl-Grass,
Aquatic whorl grass 		Katabrosa Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Catapodium balearicum
(Willk.) H.Scholz

Main Synonym :
Desmazeria balearica Willk.
Mediterranean fern grass Żwien tal-gżejjer Baleariċi Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Catapodium hemipoa
(Delile ex Spreng.) Laínz

Main Synonym :
Festuca hemipoa Delile ex Spreng.
Mediterranean fern grass Żwien tal-Mediterran Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Catapodium marinum
(L.) C.E.Hubb.

Main Synonym :
Festuca marina L.
Sea fern grass Żwien tax-xatt Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Catapodium pauciflorum
(Merino) Brullo, Giusso, Miniss. & Spamp.

Main Synonym :
Desmazeria pauciflora Merino
Lesser ferngrass Żwien ta\' ftit fjuri Feb-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Catapodium rigidum subsp. majus
(C.Presl) F.H.Perring & P.D.Sell

Main Synonym :
Sclerochloa rigida var. major C.Presl
Greater ferngrass Żwien Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Catapodium rigidum subsp. rigidum
(L.) C.E.Hubb.

Main Synonym :
Poa rigida L.
Common ferngrass Żwien Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Catapodium zwierleinii
(Lojac.) Brullo

Main Synonym :
Scleropoa zwierleinii Lojac.
Zwierlein's ferngrass Żwien ta\' Żwierlein Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Cenchrus clandestinus
(Hochst. ex Chiov.) Morrone

Main Synonym :
Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov.
Kikuyu grass Niġem Falz,
Pennisetum ta\' bla fjura 		No Flower Normal Profile
with

images.
Cenchrus echinatus
L.

Main Synonym :
Cenchrus pungens Kunth
Southern sandspur,
Hedgehog grass,
Burr grass 		Qanfuda May-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Cenchrus longisetus
M. C. Johnst.

Main Synonym :
Pennisetum villosum Fresen.
Feathertop fountain grass,
Hairy fountain grass 		Rixa qasira May-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Cenchrus setaceus
(Forssk.) Morrone

Main Synonym :
Pennisetum setaceum (Forssk.) Chiov.
African feather grass,
Fountain grass 		Penniżetum,
Pjuma,
Rixa twila 		May-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Coix lacryma-jobi
L.

Main Synonym :
Coix lacryma L.
Job's tears,
Bead seeds,
Juno's tears 		Dmugh ta\' Ġuno Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Cortaderia selloana
(Schult. & Schult.f.) Asch. & Graebn.

Main Synonym :
Arundo selloana Schult. & Schult.f.
Dwarf pampas grass,
Sun striped pampas Grass 		Kortaderja All Year Normal Profile
with

images.
Cutandia maritima
(L.) Barbey

Main Synonym :
Triticum maritimum L.
Cutandia grass Kutandja Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Cynodon dactylon
(L.) Pers.

Main Synonym :
Panicum dactylon L.
Bermuda grass Niġem May-Nov Normal Profile
with

images.
Cynosurus cristatus
L.

Main Synonym :
Phleum cristatum (L.) Scop.
Crested dog's tail Denb il-kelb,
Denb il-kelb aħrax 		Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Cynosurus echinatus
L.

Main Synonym :
Falona echinata (L.) Dumort.
Rough dog's tail,
Bristly dog's tail 		Denb il-kelb xewwieki Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Dactylis glomerata subsp. glomerata
L.

Main Synonym :
Dactylis glaucescens Willd.
Cock's foot grass,
Orchard grass 		Dekkuka,
Deqquqa 		Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Dactylis glomerata subsp. hackelii
(Asch. & Graebn.) Cif. & Giacom.

Main Synonym :
Dactylis glomerata var. marina (Borrill) Speranza & Cristof.
Hackel's cock's foot Dekkuka ta\' Hackel Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Dactylis glomerata subsp. hispanica
(Roth) Nyman

Main Synonym :
Dactylis hispanica Roth.
Spanish cock's foot Dekkuka ta\' Spanja,
Deqquqa ta\' Spanja 		Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Dactyloctenium aegyptium
(L.) Willd.

Main Synonym :
Cynosurus aegyptius L.
Egyptian crofwoot grass Sieq iċ-ċawl Eġizjana Nov-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Desmazeria sicula
(Jacq.) Dumort.

Main Synonym :
Desmazeria pignattii Brullo & Pavone - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Pignatti's fern grass Żwien ta\' Malta Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Digitaria ciliaris
(Retz.) Koeler

Main Synonym :
Panicum ciliare Retz.
Southern crab grass,
Henry's crab grass 		Diġitarja rqiqa Sep-Nov Normal Profile
with

images.
Digitaria sanguinalis
(L.) Scop.

Main Synonym :
Panicum sanguinale L.
Crab grass,
Hairy crab grass,
Summer grass 		Diġitarja ħamra Jun-Sep Normal Profile
with

images.
Echinaria capitata
(L.) Desf.

Main Synonym :
Cenchrus capitatus L.
Hedgehog grass Maltese name not known Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Echinochloa colonum
(L.) Link

Main Synonym :
Panicum colonum L.
Millet grass Xrika Jun-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Echinochloa colonum subsp. edulis
(Honda) Banfi & Galasso

Main Synonym :
Echinochloa frumentacea W.F.Wright
Barnyard millet,
Japanese millet,
Million dollar grass 		Maltese name not known Jun-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Echinochloa crus-galli
(L.) P.Beauv.

Main Synonym :
Panicum crus-galli L.
Cockspur Xrika mlewna Jun-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Eleusine africana
Kenn.-O'Byrne

Main Synonym :
Eluisine indica subsp. africana (Kenn.-O'Byrne) Hilu & de Wet
Yard grass,
Indian goose grass,
Crowsfoot grass 		Elusin All Year Normal Profile
with

images.
Eleusine coracana
(L.) Gaertn.

Main Synonym :
Eleusine indica subsp. coracana (L.) Lye
Finger millet,
African millet,
Kurakkan 		Elusin iż-żgħira No FLower Normal Profile
with

images.
Elymus athericus
(Link) Kerguélen

Main Synonym :
Elytrigia atherica (Link) Kerguélen
Sea couch grass Maltese name not known May-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Elymus repens
(L.) Gould

Main Synonym :
Elytrigia repens (L.) Nevski
Couch grass,
Common couch grass,
Quackgrass 		Sikrana skarsa May-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Eragrostis cilianensis
(All.) Vignolo ex Janch.

Main Synonym :
Eragrostis megalostachya St.-Lag.
Stink grass,
Candy grass,
Gray lovegrass 		Maltese name not known Aug-Nov Normal Profile
with

images.
Festuca ambigua
Le Gall

Main Synonym :
Vulpia ciliata Dumort. - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Ciliate fescue,
Ambiguous meadow grass 		Sufija Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Festuca bromoides
L.

Main Synonym :
Vulpia bromoides (L.) Gray - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Squirrel-tailed fescue,
Brome fescue,
Rat’s tail fescue 		Maltese name not known Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Festuca fasciculata
Forssk.

Main Synonym :
Vulpia fasciculata (Forssk.) Fritsch - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Bunch fescue,
Dune fescue 		Ħortan tar-ramel Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Festuca longifolia
Thuill.

Main Synonym :
Festuca caesia Sm.
Long‑leaf fescue Żwien Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Gastridium phleoides
(Nees & Meyen) C.E.Hubb.

Main Synonym :
Lachnagrostis phleoides Nees & Meyen
Nit grass Maltese name not known Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Gastridium scabrum
C.Presl

Main Synonym :
Gastridium lendigerum subsp. scabrum (C.Presl) Bonnier & Layens
Scabrous fescue,
Scabrous panic grass,
Scabrous meadow fescue 		Maltese name not known Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Gastridium ventricosum
(Gouan) Schinz & Thell.

Main Synonym :
Agrostis ventricosa Gouan
Slender nit grass Mustaċċi tal-qattus Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Glyceria notata
Chevall.

Main Synonym :
Glyceria plicata (Fr.) Fr. - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Plicate sweet grass Maltese name not known Apr-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Hordeum bulbosum
L.

Main Synonym :
Critesion bulbosum (L.) Á.Löve
Bulbous barley Maltese name not known Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Hordeum marinum subsp. gussoneanum
(Parl.) Thell.

Main Synonym :
Hordeum geniculatum All.
Mediterranean barley Bunixxief tal-Mediterran Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Hordeum marinum subsp. marinum
Huds.

Main Synonym :
Hordeum maritimum With.
Sea barley,
Squirrel-tail grass 		Bunexxief tal-baħar Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Hordeum murinum subsp. leporinum
(Link) Arcang.

Main Synonym :
Hordeum leporinum Link - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Mouse barley,
Wild barley 		Bunexxief komuni,
Nixxieba 		Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Hordeum murinum subsp. murinum
L.

Main Synonym :
Hordeum rubens Willk.
Wall barley Bunexxief tat-tafal May-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Hordeum vulgare
L.

Main Synonym :
Hordeum hexastichum L.
Barley Xgħir Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Hyparrhenia hirta
(L.) Stapf

Main Synonym :
Andropogon hirtus L.
Beard grass,
Hispid beard grass 		Barrum tax-xagħri,
Barrum vjola,
Barrum vjola 		Mar-Nov Normal Profile
with

images.
Lagurus ovatus
L.

Main Synonym :
Lagurus nitens Lojac.
Hare's tail grass,
Bunny grass,
Hare's footgrass 		Denb il-fenek Mar-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Lamarckia aurea
(L.) Moench

Main Synonym :
Cynosurus aureus (L.) Besser
Golden grass,
Golden top grass,
Golden dog's tail 		Xkupilja,
Lamarkja 		Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Lolium × hubbardii
B.K.Simon

Main Synonym :
No synonyms for this species
Hubbard's ryegrass Sikrana ta\' Hubbard Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Lolium interruptum
(Desf.) Banfi, Galasso, Foggi, Kopecký & Ardenghi

Main Synonym :
Festuca interrupta Desf.
Interrupted ryegrass Sikrana inugwali Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Lolium multiflorum
Lam.

Main Synonym :
Lolium aristatum (Willd.) Lag.
Italian ryegrass,
Annual rye grass 		Sikrana tal-Italja,
Sikrana kbira 		Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Lolium perenne
L.

Main Synonym :
Festuca perennis (L.) Columbus & J.P.Sm.
Perennial ryegrass,
Winter ryegrass 		Sikrana Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Lolium rigidum
Gaudin

Main Synonym :
Lolium strictum C.Presl
Stiff ryegrass Sikrana iebsa Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Lolium temulentum
L.

Main Synonym :
Festuca temulenta (L.) J.P.Sm. & Columbus
Darnel ryerass,
Darnel,
Poison darnel 		Sikrana Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Lygeum spartum
Loefl. ex L.

Main Synonym :
Lygeum spathaceum Lam.
Esparto grass Ħalfa Feb-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Melica ciliata
L.

Main Synonym :
Melica lutescens Lojac.
Ciliate melick,
Hairy melick 		Melika sufija Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Melica magnolii
Godr. & Gren.

Main Synonym :
Melica ciliata var. magnolii (Godr. & Gren.) Hausskn.
Magnoli's melick Melika ta\' Magnol Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Melica minuta
L.

Main Synonym :
Melica arrecta Kunze
Small melick,
Tiny melic grass 		Melika komuni Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Milium effusum
L.

Main Synonym :
Milium confertum L.
Wood millet,
American milletgrass 		Maltese name not known Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Oloptum miliaceum
(L.) Röser & Hamasha

Main Synonym :
Piptatherum miliaceum Coss. - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Rice grass Barrum komuni May-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Oloptum thomasii
(Duby) Banfi & Galasso

Main Synonym :
Piptatherum miliaceum subsp. thomasii (Duby) Soják - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Many-branched rice grass,
Thomas's ricegrass 		Barrum komuni kbir May-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Panicum miliaceum
L.

Main Synonym :
Milium panicum Mill.
Millet plant Panikum skars Jun-Nov Normal Profile
with

images.
Panicum repens
L.

Main Synonym :
Panicum arenarium Brot.
Torpedo grass,
Creeping panic grass 		Panikum tal-ilma,
Panikum 		Jun-Nov Normal Profile
with

images.
Parapholis cylindrica
(Willd.) Romero Zarco

Main Synonym :
Hainardia cylindrica (Willd.) Greuter
Barbgrass,
Cylindrical hard grass 		Monerma Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Parapholis filiformis
(Roth) C.E.Hubb.

Main Synonym :
Rottboellia filiformis Roth.
Hard-Grass Lixxa Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Parapholis incurva
(L.) C.E.Hubb.

Main Synonym :
Aegilops incurva L.
Curved hard-grass,
Curved sickle grass,
Curved sea hard-grass 		Nokkli Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Parapholis marginata
Runemark

Main Synonym :
- -
Marginated hard-grass Lixxa skarsa Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Paspalum dilatatum
Poir.

Main Synonym :
Digitaria dilatata (Poir.) Coste
Golden crown grass,
Paspalum,
Dallis grass 		Paspalum wiesgħa May-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Paspalum distichum
L.

Main Synonym :
Paspalum paspalodes (Michx.) Scribn. - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Water couch grass Paspalum May-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Phalaris aquatica
L.

Main Synonym :
Phalaris nodosa L.
Tuberous canary grass,
Aquatic canary grass 		Skalora tal-widien Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Phalaris brachystachys
Link

Main Synonym :
Phalaris canariensis subsp. brachystachys (Link) Posp.
Shortspike canary grass Skalora selvaġġa skarsa Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Phalaris canariensis
L.

Main Synonym :
Phalaris ovata Moench
Canary grass Skalora Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Phalaris coerulescens
Desf.

Main Synonym :
Phalaris tuberosa Link
Purple canary grass,
Blue canary grass 		Skalora tal-ilma Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Phalaris minor
Retz.

Main Synonym :
Phalaris mauritii Sennen
Lesser canary grass,
Littleseed canary grass,
Dwarf canary grass 		Skalora selvaġġa,
Skalora żgħira 		Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Phalaris paradoxa
L.

Main Synonym :
Phalaris praemorsa Lam.
Mediterranean canary grass,
Hood canary grass,
Awned canary grass 		Skalora tat-tafal Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Phalaris truncata
Guss. ex Bertol.

Main Synonym :
Phalaris aquatica Guss.
Truncate canary grass Skalora kbira Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Phleum pratense
L.

Main Synonym :
Phleum bulbosum Gouan
Timothy grass Timitew tal-egħlieqi Apr-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Phleum subulatum
(Savi) Asch. & Graebn.

Main Synonym :
Phalaris subulata Savi
Mediterranean catstail,
Italian timothy grass 		Timitew tal-Italja Mar-Apr Normal Profile
with

images.
Phragmites australis
(Cav.) Steud.

Main Synonym :
Arundo australis Cav.
Lesser reed,
Reed 		Qasbet ir-riħ,
Qasba iż-żgħira 		Jun-Nov Normal Profile
with

images.
Phyllostachys aurea
(André) Rivière & C.Rivière

Main Synonym :
Bambusa aurea André
Golden bamboo,
Fishpole bamboo 		Bambu isfar No Flower Normal Profile
with

images.
Piptatherum coerulescens
(Desf.) P.Beauv.

Main Synonym :
Oryzopsis coerulescens (Desf.) Hack.
Blue rice grass Barrum kaħlani May-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Poa annua
L.

Main Synonym :
Ochlopoa annua (L.) H.Scholz
Annual meadow grass,
Annual blue-grass 		Mellieġ komuni Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Poa bulbosa
L.

Main Synonym :
Poa crispa Thuill.
Bulbous meadow grass,
Blue meadow grass,
Bulbous poa 		Maltese name not known Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Poa infirma
Kunth

Main Synonym :
Ochlopoa infirma (Kunth) H.Scholz
Early meadowgrass Maltese name not known Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Poa maroccana
Nannf.

Main Synonym :
Ochlopoa maroccana (Nannf.) H.Scholz
Moroccan meadow‑grass,
Moroccan bluegrass 		Mellieġ tal-Marokk Mar-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Poa pratensis
L.

Main Synonym :
Poa bourgaei E.Fourn.
Smooth meadowgrass,
Smooth-stalked meadowgrass,
Kentucky bluegrass 		Mellieġ tal-egħlieqi Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Poa trivialis
L.

Main Synonym :
Poa sylvicola Guss.
Rough meadowgrass,
Rough-stalked meadowgrass 		Maltese name not known Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Polypogon maritimus
Willd.

Main Synonym :
Alopecurus maritimus (Willd.) Poir.
Sea beard grass,
Mediterranean rabbit foot Grass 		Denb il-liebru tax-xatt Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Polypogon monspeliensis
(L.) Desf.

Main Synonym :
Alopecurus monspeliensis L.
Annual beard grass,
Annual rabbit's foot Grass 		Denb il-liebru kbir Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Polypogon subspathaceus
Req.

Main Synonym :
Polypogon maritimus subsp. subspathaceus (Requien) Bonnier & Layens
Greater annual beard Grass Denb il-liebru żgħir Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Polypogon viridis
(Gouan) Breistr.

Main Synonym :
Polypogon semiverticillatus Forssk.
Water bent grass Denb il-liebru,
Denb il-liebru aħdar 		Apr-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Puccinellia fasciculata
(Torr.) E.P.Bicknell

Main Synonym :
Poa fasciculata Torr.
Borrier's saltmarsh grass Puċċinelja Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Rostraria cristata
(L.) Tzvelev

Main Synonym :
Lophochloa cristata (L.) Hylander
Annual cat's tail,
Mediterranean hairgrass,
Mediterranean oat 		Denb il-qattus Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Saccharum officinarum
L.

Main Synonym :
Saccharum officinale Salisb.
Sugarcane,
Sugar plant 		Kannamieli,
Qasba taz-zokkor 		Jul-Sep Normal Profile
with

images.
Schedonorus arundinaceus
(Schreb.) Dumort.

Main Synonym :
Festuca arundinacea Schreb. - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Tall fescue Żwien Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Schismus arabicus
Nees

Main Synonym :
Schismus barbatus subsp. arabicus (Nees) Maire & Weiller
Schismus grass Skiżmus Għarbi Apr-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Secale cereale
L.

Main Synonym :
Triticum cereale (L.) Salisb.
Cereal rye,
Winter rye 		Segala Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Setaria adhaerens
(Forssk.) Chiov.

Main Synonym :
Setaria verticillata subsp. adhaerens (Forssk.) Jauzein
Adherent foxtail,
Sticky foxtail grass 		Xrika twaħħal,
Xrika tas-sajf 		Jul-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Setaria italica
(L.) P.Beauv.

Main Synonym :
Panicum italicum L.
Italian bristle grass,
Italian foxtail,
Foxtail millet 		Xrika tal-Mediterran Jun-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Setaria palmifolia
(J.Koenig) Stapf

Main Synonym :
Setaria paniculifera (Steud.) E.Fourn. ex Hemsl.
Malaysian palm grass Xrika bil-weraq tal-palm Jun-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Setaria parviflora
(Poir.) Kerguélen

Main Synonym :
Cenchrus polystachios (L.) Morrone
Knotroot bristlegrass,
Marsh bristlegrass,
Yellow bristlegrass 		Xrika tal-Amerika May-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Setaria pumila
(Poir.) Roem. & Schult.

Main Synonym :
Panicum pumilum Poir.
Yellow foxtail,
Yellow bristle grass,
Pigeon grass 		Xrika sufija May-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Setaria verticillata
(L.) P.Beauv.

Main Synonym :
Setaria adherens (Forssk.) Chiov. - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Sticky bristle grass,
Burr bristle grass 		Xrika komuni,
Xrika tas-sajf 		May-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Setaria viridis
(L.) P.Beauv.

Main Synonym :
Panicum viride L.
Green bristle grass,
Green foxtail,
Wild foxtail millet 		Xrika ħadra May-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Sorghum bicolor
(L.) Moench

Main Synonym :
Sorghum vulgare Pers.
Sweet sorghum,
Cultivated sorghum 		Qaraboċċ Jun-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Sorghum halepense
(L.) Pers.

Main Synonym :
Holcus halepense L.
Aleppo millet,
Aleppo sorghum,
Johnsongrass 		Qaraboċċ selvaġġ May-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Sphenopus divaricatus
(Gouan) Rchb.

Main Synonym :
Poa divaricata Gouan
Coastal grass Maltese name not known Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Sporobolus aculeatus
(L.) P.M.Peterson

Main Synonym :
Crypsis aculeata (L.) Aiton
Pricklegrass Kripsi tas-salmastru Jun-Sep Normal Profile
with

images.
Sporobolus pungens
(Schreb.) Kunth

Main Synonym :
Agrostis pungens Schreb.
Sand dropseed,
Sand dropwort 		Niġem tar-ramel Aug-Sep Normal Profile
with

images.
Sporobolus schoenoides
(L.) P.M.Peterson

Main Synonym :
Crypsis schoenoides Lam. - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Swamp picklegrass Kripsi tal-ilma,
Kripsi ta\' Għawdex 		Jun-Sep Normal Profile
with

images.
Stenotaphrum secundatum
(Walter) Kuntze

Main Synonym :
Ischaemum secundatum Walter
St. augustine's grass,
Charleston grass 		Maltese name not known May-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Stipellula capensis
(Thunb.) Röser & Hamasha

Main Synonym :
Stipa capensis Thunberg
Common awn grass Nixxief tal-isteppa Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Thinopyrum elongatum
(Host) D.R.Dewey

Main Synonym :
Elytrigia scirpea (C.Presl) Holub
Tall wheatgrass Maltese name not known Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Thinopyrum flaccidifolium
(Boiss. & Heldr.) Moustakas

Main Synonym :
Elytrigia flaccidifolius (Boissier & Heldreich) Holub - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Flaccid-leaf couch grass Sikana tal-bwar May-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Thinopyrum junceum
(L.) Á.Löve

Main Synonym :
Elymus farctus  (Viv.) Runemark ex Melderis - Historically established synonym widely adopted in Maltese flora
Sand couch grass Sikrana tar-ramel May-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Triplachne nitens
(Guss.) Link

Main Synonym :
Agrostis nitens Guss.
Shining grass Triplanke Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Trisetaria aurea
(Ten.) Pignatti ex Kerguélen

Main Synonym :
Trisetum condensatum Presl
Golden oat Trisetarja Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Triticum aestivum
L.

Main Synonym :
Triticum vulgare Vill.
Bread wheat,
Common wheat 		Qamħ tomni,
Tomnija 		Apr-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Triticum turgidum subsp. durum
(Desf.) Husn.

Main Synonym :
Triticum durum Desf.
Macaroni wheat,
Durum wheat 		Qamħ ta\' Malta May-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Triticum turgidum subsp. turgidum
L.

Main Synonym :
Triticum aestivum subsp. turgidum (L.) Domin
Rivet wheat,
Winter wheat 		Qamħ tal-Awstralja Apr-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Urochloa panicoides
P.Beauv.

Main Synonym :
Panicum urochloa Desv.
Liverseed grass,
Panic liverseed grass,
Liveseed grass 		Uruklowa Aug-Sep Normal Profile
with

images.
Zea mays
L.

Main Synonym :
Zea segetalis Salisb.
Maize Qamħ ir-rum May-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.

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